6.those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from class fifte
定语从句：
（一）基础：引导词---who， which， that， whom，
练习1.i like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.i prefer students _________are hard- working.
3.i hate tv shows _________ are noisy and boring.4.the music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.
5.the food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.
6.those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from class fifteen.
7.the books ____________ are written by lu xun are worth reading.
8.the town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.the book ___ he bought is very interesting.
（二）特例：只用that的情况
1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，
2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时， 只能用 that.
3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。
4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如i can remember well the persons and some pictures that i saw in the room.
5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： who is the girl that is crying?
练习
1. i am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 world cup.
2. is there anything___i can do for you? 3. this is the very bike ______i lost
4.to my surprise， he gave me nothing __ i need. 5.this is the best dictionary __ i have ever used.
6. he was the first person _______passed the exam.
7.he talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.
（三）whose
1. the student ______father works in the factory is sitting there.
2. i like the rooms ______windows face south.3. this is the desk ______legs were broken.
4the woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best .
6the banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7that tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old.
（四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。
1-he is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t， don’t) finish doing homework.
2-i like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting.
3-children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy.
4-that boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class.
5those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
6the trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them.
7the man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand)
8those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
9mr. brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in china.
10i’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) english best.
(五)“介词＋关系代词”注意： 介词的选用要考虑：
a.与先行词的搭配关系
1）i will never forget the day __________ i joined the army.
2) i will never forget the days ______ i worked here.
3) i will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.
b. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯
1）have you found the book ________i paid 29 dollars?
2）have you found the book ________i spent 29 dollars?
3) have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot?
4) have you found the book _______she often talks?
关系副词的用法
练习：
1. it must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.
2.this is the village _________________we visited last week.
3.the house _______ we live in is very big./ the house _______ we live is very big
4. the woman ___________ talked to you just now is a doctor. the woman ______ you talked to is my sister.
the woman to ___________ you talked is my sister.
5. this is the hospital ____________ i was born in.
this is the hospital in _________i was born. this is the hospital____________ i was born.
综合练习一. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1. the boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. this is the present ____he gave me for my birthday.3.the man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.
4. he talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.
5. there is nothing in the world ______can frighten him.
6. we visited a factory _______makes toys for children.
7. is this the place _______ your father once lived
8. i’ll never forget the days _______ i joined the league.
9the car______my father bought last month is beautiful.
10the man______hair is white is his grandfather.
二宾语从句
1宾语从句的学习要注意三个方面
第一：语序：在宾语从句中，一律用___________。
如where does she live? ( do you know?) ----do you know where she lives?
***几个特殊的特殊疑问句
which is the way to the nearest shop?/ what’s wrong with you?/ what’s up?/ what’s the matter?
这几个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序，在宾语从句中不需调整语序。
第二：时态; 1）如果主句是___________，宾语从句时态根据实际情况而定.
如：1. it’s going to rain. i think. ---i think it’s going to rain.
2. “i will go with you .” he says. ---he says he will go with me.
3. he studied english ten years ago. i know. i know he studied english ten years ago.
2）主句是___________，宾语从句要用___________。
如：it’s going to rain. i thought. ---i thought it was going to rain.
“i will go with you.” he said. ---he said he would go with me.
3). 若从句表达的是___________，规律，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用___________。
如1 the earth turns round the sun. the teacher told us---the teacher told us that the earth turns round the sun.
2 light travels much faster than sound. she said … ---she said that light travels much faster than sound.
第三：连接词1)如果被连接的句子是___________，那么连接词用___________， (也可省)
如1. he’ll be back in a month. ( i hear…) i hear ( that ) he will be back in a month.
2. i have been to the great wall once. ( he tells me…) he tells me ( that ) he has been to the great wall once.
2.)如果被连接的句子是___________，则用连接词___________
如：*does he live in that house? ( she asked me …) she asked me if/ whether he lived in that house.
*have you finished your homework? ( i want to know…) i want to know if you have finished your homework.
3) ___________句，用原句中的特殊疑问词引导：what， who， where， when， which， why， how (many/ much/ often/ long/ old).如： who are you waiting for? can you tell me? --- can you tell me who you are waiting for?
what did he do yesterday? i don’t know. ---i don’t know what he did yesterday.
***其中 以wh- 疑问词或how 引导的宾语从句与动词不定式可相互转换
如i don’t know what i can do.可以说成 i don’t know what to do.
the policeman showed me where i could get books. 可以说成the policeman showed me where to get books.
can you tell me how i can make a kite?可以说成 can you tell me how to make a kite?
4).宾语从句___________。在_________________________________等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：i don’t think he has time to play with the girl.
